the sort of interpretation the writer is talking about is a higher level form, based more on philosophies and religious views. It is where you use the philosophical framework that you already have, be it evolutionism, naturalism, biblical theism, and derive a meaning that is not based so much on direct observation. Example: fossils in different rock layers. Direct observation doesn't tell you much. But to a person who believes in evolution, if he sees certain similarities he sees as progressional, he'll fit that evidence in with the philosophy he already has. He has no direct observation that these things lived at different times or different millenia. He only observes dead things in the soil, and then tries to fit it into a pre-existing philosophical framework, a mix of what he believes and what he has observed in the present. If the progression looks the wrong way, because of the ruling worldview in his head, he makes an excuse or simply overlooks it since the overall worldview is the controller.
It is in this higher level interpretation that there will be disagreements about conclusions because the starting points, the fundamental assumptions and the accuracy of other findings become all the more important and critical.
When we get into traces of a distant past we have never observed and no human has experienced and there is no documented history, it is beyond direct observation and thus becomes more based on a person's philosophy and religion.